Which term best describes an unforeseen event at the time a contract was made?

The term that best describes an unforeseen event at the time a contract was made is "Fortuitous Event." This concept refers to an occurrence that could not have been predicted or anticipated by the parties involved in a contract. In the context of contracting, a fortuitous event often includes natural disasters, accidents, or any circumstance that prevents the fulfillment of contract obligations due to its unexpected nature.

Understanding this term is crucial for recognizing situations where contractual obligations might be excused or modified due to circumstances beyond the control of the parties. For example, if a severe storm damages property intended for a specific contract, this event would likely be classified as fortuitous.

The other terms presented in the choices do not align with the definition of an unforeseen event. "Negative Servitude" refers to a legal restriction preventing a property owner from performing certain actions. "Synallagmatic Contract" describes a contract where both parties have reciprocal obligations to one another. Lastly, "Novation" is the act of replacing one of the parties in a contract with the consent of all parties involved, and does not pertain to unforeseen events.